طبائع الإستبداد

The writer identifies what he calls political tyranny, and describes the ugliest of its types: the tyranny of ignorance over science and the tyranny of the soul over the mind.

Abd al-Rahman al-Kawakibi lived during the second half of the nineteenth century, a period in which the Arab nations suffered a lot from weakness and humiliation, because the colonizer by them usurped their lands and drained their resources, and Abdul Rahman Al-Kawakibi personified in his book "the nature of tyranny and the wrestlers of slavery."

 The reason for this disease he saw is political tyranny, with its many types, including the tyranny of ignorance over knowledge, and the tyranny of the soul over the mind. He says: God created man free, his leader is the mind, so he disbelieved and refused to be a slave whose leader was ignorance, and he sees that the tyrant A helpless individual, who has no power except with his helpers the enemies of justice and supporters of injustice, and the accumulation of excessive wealth, generating despotism, and harmful to the morals of individuals, and that tyranny is the root of all corruption, so he finds that constitutional shura is his medicine.