History of Sri lanka

(සිංහල) - ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ අතීතය

ශ්‍රී ලංකීය ඓතිහාසික ලේඛන සහ පුරවිද්‍යාත්මක සොයාගැනීම්
ඇසුරුකරගනිමින් පුරාණ ශ්‍රී ලාංකිකයින් පිළිඹඳ සහ ඔවුන්ගේ චර්යාත්මක ක්‍රියාවලීන් මූලිකව අපට ශ්‍රී ලාංකීය ඉතිහාසය නමින් හඳුන්වා දිය හැක.අදාල පුරාවිද්‍යාත්මක සාධක සහ සිංහල වංශකතා ඇසුරින් වසර දසදහසකටත් වඩා පැරණි ලාංකීය ඉතිහාසය පිළිඹඳ පුරෝකථනය කල හැක.

( English )

The earliest human remains found on the island of Sri Lanka date to about 35,000 years ago (Balangoda Man).

The proto-historical period begins roughly in the 3rd century, based on chronicles like the Mahavamsa, Dipavamsa, Silappatikaram, Manimekalai and the Culavamsa.The earliest documents of settlement in the Island are found in these chronicles. These chronicles cover the period since the establishment of the Kingdom of Tambapanni in the 6th century BCE. The first Sri Lankan ruler of the Anuradhapura Kingdom, Pandukabhaya, is recorded for the 4th century BCE. Buddhism was introduced in the 3rd century BCE by Arhath Mahinda (son of the Indian emperor Ashoka). The first Tamil ruler of the Anuradhapura Kingdom, Elara, an invader, is recorded for the 2nd century BCE.

The island was divided into numerous kingdoms over the following centuries, intermittently (between CE 993–1077) united under Chola rule. Sri Lanka was ruled by 181 monarchs from the Anuradhapura to Kandy periods. From the 16th century, some coastal areas of the country were also controlled by the Portuguese, Dutch and British. Between 1597 and 1658, a substantial part of the island was under Portuguese rule. The Portuguese lost their possessions in Ceylon due to Dutch intervention in the Eighty Years' War. Following the Kandyan Wars, the island was united under British rule in 1815. Armed uprisings against the British took place in the 1818 Uva Rebellion and the 1848 Matale Rebellion. Independence was finally granted in 1948 but the country remained a Dominion of the British Empire until 1972.

In 1972 Sri Lanka assumed the status of a Republic. A constitution was introduced in 1978 which made the Executive President the head of state. The Sri Lankan Civil War began in 1983, including an armed youth uprising in 1987–1989, with the 25-year-long civil war ending in 2009.

(தமிழ்) - இலங்கையின் வரலாறு

இலங்கையின் வரலாறு 2500 ஆண்டுகளுக்கு மேற்பட்ட நீண்டகால வரலாற்றைக் கொண்டதாகும். இலங்கையின் காலத்தால் முந்திய வரலாற்று நூலாகக் கருதப்படும் மகாவம்சத்தின்படி இலங்கையின் வரலாறு கிமு 6ம் நூற்றாண்டு அளவில் இந்தியாவின் கலிங்க நாட்டிலிருந்து துரத்திவிடப்பட்ட அந்நாட்டு இளவரசனான விஜயன் என்பவன் தனது தோழர்கள் எழுநூறு பேருடன் இலங்கையில் வந்து இறங்கியதுடன் ஆரம்பமாகின்றது.எனினும் இதற்கு முன்னரே இயக்கர், நாகர் ஆகிய இரண்டு இனத்தவர்கள் இலங்கையில் வாழ்ந்தது பற்றியும், அவர்கள் இங்கே அரசமைத்து ஆண்டது பற்றியதுமான குறிப்புக்களும் மகாவம்சத்தில் காணப்படுகின்றன.

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